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Bioprospecting represents a multidisciplinary field focused on the discovery and improvement
of new products, processes, and applications from natural resources. This type of research has
been ongoing since the 20th century, with Actinobacteria standing out as a promising source of
biotechnological potential. However, despite the economic and biotechnological benefits
inherent to Actinobacteria, the Amazon region remains relatively underexplored in this regard.
Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the bioprospecting of Actinobacteria isolated
from carbonate rocks in the Amazon to explore their antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and
antitumor activities. Morphological and biochemical characterization, 16S rRNA gene
sequencing, antagonism testing, isolation of antimicrobial secondary metabolites, analysis of
gene cluster biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in actinobacteria, evaluation of minimum
inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentration of the crude
extract, and chemical characterization of the crude extract will be conducted.

The specie Pouteria macrophylla, popularly known as cutite, has medicinal use for several pathologies, however, few researches present its biological activity, being only reported the antioxidant activity of this fruit from the Amazon. The importance of foods of plant origin has been increasingly evidenced and, among their properties, the antioxidant activity of constituents chemicals in these foods has played an important role. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the proximate composition, antioxidant capacity and phytochemical potential of the extract of fruits and leaves of Pouteria macrophylla. For this, the collection of botanical material for the preparation of leaf and fruit extracts was carried out at the Tapajos Unit of the Federal University of West do Para, Santarem Campus. The phytochemical characterization of extracts from the fruits and leaves of Pouteria macrophylla was carried out through the quantification of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins. The pulp of P. macrophylla (Lam.) was used to determine the values of moisture, ash, protein, total carbohydrates, total lipids, dietary fiber, carotenoids, total sugars and reducing sugars through of the proximate analysis, and for the investigation of secondary metabolites flavonoids, triterpenoids and tannins, saponins and quinones and anthraquinones, the leaf extract was used. The results showed that P. macrophylla (Lam.) presented 10% of dietary fiber. After analyzing the cutite pulp, a percentage value of 7.5% of ash and 63% of moisture was observed, much higher than the found by other authors. It was demonstrated that the pulp of P. macrophylla (Lam.) does not present an expressive amount of protein, being a food with low protein content. It can be suggested that this fruit has a high antioxidant action, as it presented a high amount of carotenoids in its composition, when compared to other studies carried out. The results after analysis of the extract from the leaf, were positive for flavonoids, triterpenoids and tannins, whereas saponins, quinones and anthraquinones were not detected in the analysis of the P. macrophylla leaf extract. It was found that the leaf and pulp extracts have bioactive compounds, in addition to the presence of secondary metabolites, the results of the DPPH and FRAP antioxidant analyzes showed that the samples have a capacity antioxidant, which characterizes it as a great source of bioactive compounds that can be used in the pharmaceutical industry and in food diets.

Introduction: COVID-19 is a complex and multisystem disease. This study aims to investigate, over time, changes in markers of liver changes/injury and inflammation in relation to clinical outcome in COVID-19 in a cohort of hospitalized patients in the Baixo Amazonas, Pará, Brazil. This is a cohort study involving patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were hospitalized at the Hospital Regional do Baixo Amazonas, Pará, Brazil, between March 25, 2020 and March 29, 2022. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee and Research at the Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará. Results: 397 patients were included in the study. Most were men (66.5%), aged 60 years or older, and more than half had died (51.9%). Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and obesity were the most common comorbidities. Respiratory and neurological signs and symptoms were manifested in hospitalized patients. In the longitudinal follow-up of liver markers, a significant difference was found for AST on D14, with a higher median in the death group. As for the other biochemical markers, a significant difference was found for CRP on D1 and D7, D-dimer on D1, SaO2 on D21. Among the hematological markers, lymphopenia was observed throughout the follow-up, with the death group having the most altered values. Conclusion: Patients who died during hospitalization or developed a more severe clinical picture for COVID-19 showed more significant changes in liver and inflammatory biomarkers. These biomarkers should serve as a guide for monitoring the evolution of these patients.

There are about 40 types of human papillomavirus (HPV) with tropism for the anogenital tract that can cause precursor lesions of neoplasms in various tissues, including those of the cervix. The Brazilian Ministry of Health (MS), through the National Immunizations Program (PNI), started vaccination against HPV in girls in 2014, extending it to boys in 2017. In addition, in March 2021, vaccination against HPV for immunosuppressed women aged up to 45 years was expanded, due to the importance of protecting even more women living with HIV/AIDS (MVHA) and more recently, in 2022, also for the boys with the same age group as girls. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge about Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and adherence to HPV vaccination of women living with HIV/AIDS (MVHA) aged up to 45 years and parenteral (parents/guardians) of girls and boys aged 9 to 14 years in the Lower Amazon, Amazonia, Brazil. This is a cross-sectional, analytical research, with ethical approval under number 5,176,666 of December 18, 2021 and CAAE 53082221.9.0000.0171, carried out through a specific semi-structured questionnaire for both groups, from January 2022 to March 2023. A total of 389 subjects were interviewed, of which 146 are women living with HIV/AIDS aged up to 45 years and 243 are parents/guardians of girls and boys aged 9 to 14 years. As for the MVHA public, 91.8% declared to undergo their HIV treatment regularly and 50% answered that they did not know that immunosuppression is one of the main risk factors for HPV infection. As for vaccination, only 13.0% had been vaccinated. Contributed to adherence to vaccination: the specialized care service having carried out health education on HPV (p = 0.04) and the MVHA having a high level of knowledge related to HPV (p = 0.03). Of the 243 parents/guardians of girls and boys between 9 and 14 years old, the majority were female (90.5%); self-declared brown (81.5%); completed high school/technical education (41.6%) and reported being 'housekeeper' (41.2%). Regarding the level of knowledge of parents/guardians about HPV infection, development of uterine cancer and vaccination, 90.5% said they had heard about the topic,but 49.5% did not know about the possibility of contracting HPV cause of cancer in youth, in addition to which 90.5% claimed not to know the main sign of clinical manifestation of HPV infection. With regard to specific vaccination, 47.7% reported not having received any guidance about it and regarding the 136 girls and boys vaccinated, 74.2% were female, corroborating the literature in which they are still more vaccinated. It was also evident that the higher the level of knowledge, the greater the tendency of individuals to carry out immunization. Therefore, through this study, it was possible to verify the importance and need for qualified health education related to the HPV virus and specific vaccination that can encourage the immunization of these publics by showing them the benefits of using immunobiologicals. As people do not receive adequate guidance and encouragement from multidisciplinary teams, they end up not vaccinating.

COVID-19, the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in the world caused a large infected population manifesting itself mainly as a respiratory infection. Aiming to develop methodology for molecular diagnosis of COVID-19 by reverse transcription followed by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), allowing visual detection and rapid obtaining of the final result. To contain the spread of the virus, the WHO urgently required an extension of screening and testing; thus, a quick and simple diagnostic method is needed. However, studies conducted at several research centers indicate that laboratory results can provide clinical staff with many useful markers.Studies show the development of a molecular diagnostic methodology that allows detection of the virus through reverse transcription reaction followed by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). RT-LAMP is an important tool for the molecular diagnosis of infectious diseases, presenting great potential for point-of-care applications for both diagnostics and epidemiological studies, especially in developing countries. Research at the Federal University of Western Pará. This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out through data collected in the database of the clinical analysis laboratory located in the city of Santarém-PA from December 2021 to January 2022. The study sample consisted of by individuals who obtained confirmation of Covid-19 infection by the RT-PCR methodology. Confirmed cases of Covid-19 were predominantly brown (83%) and female (53%) The predominant age group of patients was 40 to 49 years (28%). The most frequent clinical signs and symptoms were: cough (31.6%), fever (26.67%), headache (23.33%) and dyspnea (13.33%). After extraction, the samples were subjected to the LAMP test, which was carried out in a water bath with a defined temperature of 65°C, being observed after its reaction. RT-LAMP reactions were performed using two colorimetric LAMP kits and results were determined by visually assessing the color change of the indicator from dark pink to yellow. This work is of paramount importance, and in an innovative perspective of disseminating this methodology, for direct use in biological samples, under safe conditions through molecular techniques as a tool for diagnosis, which may favor the initiation of treatment as quickly as possible, thus avoiding complications of the disease.

The diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is based on clinical assessment using standardized instruments. In Brazil, there are few instruments for diagnosing ASD focused on the age range of 12 to 36 months, translated and adapted to our culture and language. The objective of this study was the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the TASI® (Toddler Autism Symptom Inventory) instrument for use in our country. It is a brief interview, with high sensitivity and specificity with an easy-to-understand scoring system that allows identifying the probability of autism in children aged 12 to 36 months. The methodology adopted was based on similar research with the following steps: permission from the authors of the original instrument, translation, back-translation, equivalence analysis and criticism by experts. The instrument's sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated in relation to the CARS scale and medical diagnosis in a sample of 40 children. Due to the late diagnosis of ASD, especially in the third world, the socioeconomic and developmental impact is significant, making it necessary to create new tools so that early and assertive interventions are enabled and implemented. The present study made available the first version of TASI® for Brazilian Portuguese, which will possibly facilitate the diagnosis of cases before the age of 3.

Leishmaniasis are a group of diseases caused by more than 20 species of protozoa of the genus Leishmania, prevalent in tropical and developing countries. The existing pharmacological treatment presents serious limitations such as toxicity and parasite resistance, therefore, the search for new therapeutic agents is necessary. Molecular modeling methods are useful to facilitate the design of safer and more efficient antiparasitic drugs, especially from natural sources. There are several bioactive natural products in the literature against Leishmania spp. With unknown mechanism of action, including aphidicolin, a selective inhibitor of viral and human DNA polymerase-α, produced by the fungi Cephalosporium aphidicola and Nigrospora sphaerica. Hence, this work aimed to find potential biological targets of aphidicolin and derivatives through virtual reverse screening. We used Protein Data Bank (PDB) for the search ofL. major targets. The targets selected for molecular docking on the DockThor server are those whose ligands showed steric and electronic similarity >0.5 to aphidicolin and RMSD values< 2 Å. Thus, we considered N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), methionyl t-RNA synthetase (MetRS) and map-kinase(MAPK) as possible targets of a phidicolans. Considering the poor pharmacokinetic and physicochemical properties of aphidicolin and derivatives, we used PharmGist server to align the molecules and to build a pharmacophoric model. We evaluated the model by hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and Pearson's correlation in Minitab software. Due to the number of hydrophobic properties, we built a pharmacophoric model for each target and we subjected to virtual screening on the Pharmit server. After that, we filtered the new hits through drug-similar property calculation in Osiris Data-Warrior software, as well toxicity alerts in Derek software and pharmacokinetics on PreADMETweb server. We used SissADME web server to predict water solubility and synthetic accessibility. In the end, we selected only 02 molecules for NMT, 09 for MetRS (02 in common with NMT) and none for MAPK. In order to evaluate a potential dual mechanism, wedocked these molecules in NTM, MetRS and MAPK using DockThor server. Statistical analyzes of the 07 best valuesof binding affinity (∆G) of each complex were performed in the GraphPad Prism software using the ANOVA-one way and ANOVA-two way tests. The results showed that the molecules MP-002-507-460, MP-002-528-375 and MP-002-911-105 exhibited ∆G values significantly comparable to the co-crystallized ligands and superior to miltefosine, used as a negative control. However, we observed considerable selectivity for NMT. After analyzing the interactions in the Disco-very Studio software, only MP-002-507-460 and MP-002-911-105 showed interaction patterns more similar to the positive control. The prediction of biological activity through the PASS server revealed that the two molecules, steroid analogues, exhibited a moderate probability of acting as leishmanicidal agents. Thus, the two molecules found through virtual screening are promising candidates for in vitro assays on LmNMT models to validate the theoretical results presented in this work.

Mercury is a heavy metal that causes harm to human health, mercury exposure occurs through means such as burning amalgam and in the feeding of fish contaminated by mercury. Women of childbearing age, pregnant or breastfeeding are part of the risk group and must be monitored; in order above all to avoid the effects of the consumption of contaminated fish, which can generate a clinical picture of: muscle weakness, infertility, hormonal dysregulation, polycystic ovary syndrome. Furthermore, the effects of mercury exposure affect the fetus in the intrauterine period, contributing to delays and/or damage to the nervous system, congenital malformations, and miscarriages. In the Brazilian Amazon, there is an interest in investigating mercury exposure, given the anthropic mining activities in the region, as well as the presence of contaminated fish that add risks to the health of the population, mainly due to the high consumption of fish by people in the Amazon region. . Understanding that in the Lower Amazon region there is an environmentally exposed population and given the dangers that mercury exposure can cause to women, this study aims to assess the epidemiological and clinical profile of women environmentally exposed to mercury in the Lower Amazon region, Pará. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study, which will be carried out based on data collected from 2016 to 2019 from 327 women living in the urban and riverside area of Santarém, in the Lower Amazon region. For this, the analysis of social, demographic, food, anthropometric, clinical and laboratory variables will be carried out. As well as the analysis of the concentration of mercury in the blood, considering "exposed" women with more than 10 μg/L of mercury in their blood, following the reference values established by the World Health Organization. Descriptive statistical analysis and of these variables in the Statistical Package for Social software. It is hoped that the data acquired in this study will serve to characterize the exposure profile of women in the region, as well as indicate the dangers of mercury to future pregnancies of exposed women.

Malaria is an infectious disease, neglected, endemic in more than 85 countries, responsible for more than 241 million cases, considered one of the biggest economic and social problems in the world. In Brazil, in 2020, 143,395 cases of the disease were reported. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are primarily responsible for most cases of the disease. Malaria eradication is of global interest, however, the lack of a vaccine, the emergence of resistant parasites and their high endemicity make this control difficult, and justify the search for new bioactive molecules for the production of new drugs with antimalarial potential. Thus, this research evaluated the in vivo antimalarial activity of the acetone extract of Carapa guianensis, as well as its acute toxicity, survival analysis and analysis of hematological parameters. The industrial residue of Carapa guianensis was supplied by the vegetable oil extractor company AmazonOil located in the city of Ananindeua-PA. The analysis of the chemical composition of Carapa guianensis was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to sequential mass spectrometry (MS-MS). Assessment of in vivo toxicity in BALB/c mice was performed according to the OECD Guide. To evaluate the antimalarial activity in vivo, BALB/c mice were used, infected with approximately 106 erythrocytes parasitized by P. berghei receiving treatment on the 4th day after inoculation, treated for 7 consecutive days and submitted to blood collection to determine the hematological parameters. The chemical characterization identified limonoids as the major compounds being methyl angolensate (21.17%) and 6α-acetoxygedunin (12.38%). The acute toxic dose of acetone extract of Carapa guianensis was higher than 2000 mg/kg in BALB/c mice, being classified in category 5 of the Globally Harmonized Classification System (GHS). The doses of acetone extract (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) significantly reduced P. Berghei-induced parasitaemia, as well as obtaining an important result in the evaluation of mouse survival. In view of the above, the acetone extract of Carapa guianensis, a natural product from the Amazon, presented a safe antimalarial potential and a promising candidate for further complementary research.

The present work aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the essential oil of Pectis elongata Kunth; an aromatic herb belonging to the Asteraceae family, widely used by traditional communities to treat pain and inflammation. It has in its composition two major components, citral isomers (neral and geranial), monoterpenes with anti-inflammatory and analgesic action already described in the literature. The main hypothesis investigated in this work is that the essential oil obtained from P. elongata can serve as an alternative to standard therapy for the treatment of pain and inflammation, since these classes of conventional drugs can have many adverse reactions leading to non-adherence to the treatment by the patients. The identification of the neral and geranial components, present in other plant species, as responsible for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties established in the literature, is a strong evidence that Pectis elongata, a native and abundant species in the Amazon, could serve as a solution to problem presented. This hypothesis will be investigated through in vivo tests of paw edema induced by λ-carrageenan, to identify anti-inflammatory action and formalin test, where antinociceptive action (pain) is verified. Rats (n=30) of the Wistar lineage will be used for the paw edema test and mice (n=30) of the Swiss lineage will be used for the formalin test, which will be divided into 6 groups with 5 animals each. The results will be statistically analyzed, in both tests, by analysis of variance ANOVA followed by Tukey test, with confidence intervals of 5%. Values of p ≤ 0.05 will be considered statistically significant.

Pectis elongata Kunth, Asteracea, is an herbaceous plant, known in Northern Brazil as "wild cuminho", "lemon rosemary", "cuminho" or "wild rosemary". It is a species rich in essential oil, whose major constituent is citral, a component with recognized antifungal, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, sedative, antibacterial properties, among others. In this project, our proposal is to evaluate the efficiency of the nanoemulsification process of P. elongata essential oil on the retention of its main volatile constituents and antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and stimulating properties of the healing process of skin wounds. For this, in the first step, already carried out, the essential oil of P. elongata was found by hydrodistillation and the nanoemulsification process carried out by the low-energy method. The essential oil yield was determined in 1% w/v. The chemical composition of the free and nanoemulsified oil was provided by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, which pointed out citral as the major constituent for both as analyzed: free (92,5%) and nanoemulsified oil (94,8%, 96,8% e 82%, respectively). In the next step, we will carry out the analysis of the chemical composition of the nanoemulsion at times 30 and 60 days after preparation. The antimicrobial potential of the essential oil and nanoemulsified will be evaluated by agar disk-diffusion and broth microdilution methods, the anti-inflammatory potential will be evaluated by the carrageenan-induced paw edema test and the stimulating potential of the healing process evaluated on skin wounds induced by surgical incision. We hope that the P. elongata essential oil nanoemulsification process will be effective both in maintaining its chemical properties and in preventing the growth of microorganisms, modulating the inflammatory response and promoting the healing process of skin wounds.