BIOMONITORING OF STINGLESS BEES AND THE IMPACT OF AGROCHEMICALS ON MELIPONA PRODUCTION
Meliponiculture, Western Pará, Pesticides, stingless bees, Honey.
Worldwide population growth has intensified agricultural and industrial activities, consequently, urbanization and rural development have caused a significant increase in contaminant levels in the environment. Associated with this, the cultural characteristics of the rural worker based on empirical knowledge, lack of training, or technical assistance have led to the indiscriminate use of pesticides in crops. Given the human influence on ecosystem services or more directly on the environment, efforts have begun to develop means to assess the effects of anthropogenic activities through responses of living organisms, giving rise to the term Biomonitoring. This work aims to demonstrate the anthropogenic impact resulting from the use of pesticides on stingless bees and seeks to highlight the problems that this imbalance brings to meliponiculture production. The scope of the research covers meliponiculturists from communities that are part of the municipality of Santarém where little use of agricultural inputs is expected. Properties in the municipality of Belterra were also chosen where there is intensive use of agricultural inputs. The methodology consists of conducting inspections of the meliponaries, seeking to identify the presence of dead or dying bees and bees with uneven flight compared to the other bees. Samples of bees and honey will be collected and sent to the Laboratory of Pesticide Residue Analysis - LARP, through the technique of Liquid Chromatography coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry and through this laboratory analysis, the pesticides present in the samples will be quantified. With this work, it is hoped to highlight the reality of meliponiculture in the Western region of Pará regarding the indiscriminate use of pesticides, aiming to promote knowledge and discussions that lead to strengthening inspections and the adoption of measures to minimize this problem that puts at risk the health of bees, humans, and the balance of ecosystems.