Eco-epidemiologia molecular de patógenos transmitidos por carrapatos em animais silvestres e ectoparasitas na comunidade de Rio Pardo, Amazônia Central
Small mammals, ticks, pathogens, distribution, ecosystems, carrapatos, patógenos.
The Amazon is the largest, most diverse and abundant in species and habitat of the world's rainforests. In the Brazilian Amazon, capitalist agricultural culture is practiced on a large scale, causing changes in the natural environment, including biodiversity and ecosystem. Land reform settlements play a prominent role in relation to deforestation. Among them, there is the Rio Pardo Agrarian Reform Settlement (ARP), located in the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, State of Amazonas (AM). The Settlement can be considered a convenient model for biodiversity conservation studies because it presents a mosaic of habitats. Small non-flying mammals such as rodents and marsupials can be considered a good group to help answer questions as they play an important ecological role in forest environments. Wild animal populations are known to be increasingly in contact with humans, but little is known about the epidemiology of species diseases affecting wild animals, especially those with ticks as vectors. In this context, we aim to know information about which species of small mammals can be found in a given area, how they are distributed, whether they are rare or abundant and which factors may be related to this distribution and how it may help in the identification of conservation strategies. biodiversity, especially in altered environments. In addition to knowing the prevalence of parasitic and infectious diseases to better understand the eco-epidemiology of tick-borne pathogens in wild animals and ectoparasites in different ecosystems and climate seasons in the Rio Pardo community. The collections took place from August 2016 to September 2017, which covered two periods (rain and drought). Ticks and fragments of wild animal tissues were collected from each sample unit (peridomiciliary, continuous forest, forest with river, planting and poultry) by a Tomahawk® and Sherman® trap, subsequently calculating the sample effort, richness and relative abundance of species. For detection of tick-borne agents (Rickettsia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Babesia and Hepatozzon) in wild animals and ectoparasites, samples will be subjected to DNA extraction, PCR and sequencing of amplified products. These results will show the genetic diversity by ticks in non-flying wild mammals and their ectoparasites in the Rio Pardo settlement, besides the correlation of the prevalence of tick and pathogen infestation with anthropization level, seasonal variation and host species.