Banca de DEFESA: ISADORA KAROLINA FREITAS DE SOUSA

Uma banca de DEFESA de DOUTORADO foi cadastrada pelo programa.
DISCENTE : ISADORA KAROLINA FREITAS DE SOUSA
DATA : 26/03/2021
HORA: 14:00
LOCAL: Videoconferência
TÍTULO:

LEPTOSPIROSE: EPIDEMIOLOGIA DA ENFERMIDADE EM HUMANOS E ESTUDO SOROEPIDEMIOLÓGICO EM EQUINOS NO ESTADO DO AMAZONAS

PALAVRAS-CHAVES:

Amazônia. Leptospira interrogans. Zoonosis. Public Health. Animal health. Horses.

PÁGINAS: 84
GRANDE ÁREA: Outra
ÁREA: Ciências Ambientais
RESUMO:

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease potentially fatal to humans and it has the capacity to generate health and economic damage to several animal species. If the existence of favorable environmental conditions for the occurrence of leptospirosis is considered, the potential amplitude of the disease is magnified, thus justifying the need for epidemiological studies in both the human and animal populations. Thus, this thesis developed a retrospective epidemiological study of cases of leptospirosis infection in humans - Chapter I - in the State of Amazonas, as well as a seroepidemiological study in horses from Manaus and the metropolitan region - Chapters II and III -. Data for the development of Chapter I were obtained from the Sistema Único de Saúde database (DATASUS), using data from diseases and conditions of notification from SINAN (Notifiable Diseases Information System) referring to cases of leptospirosis in the municipalities of the state of Amazonas from 2010 to 2019. Information on cases of infection in humans in those years were correlated with meteorological data from BDMEP (Meteorological Database of INMET – Brazilian National Institute of Meteorology) precipitation, temperature, and humidity of the conventional meteorological stations of the network of INMET stations in the State of Amazonas. As a main result, it was found that Leptospira infection was more frequent in the home environment in the state of Amazonas, therefore, this location is an important determinant of transmission, and a consequence, probably, of the precarious environmental conditions existing in the home and peridomicile. Associated with this result and, taking into account the climatic and environmental characteristics of the region and information on the increase in the number of horses that live in urban areas of the municipality of Manaus, the risk of exposure and contamination of humans and other animals susceptible animals has become greater, as the equine population has been growing in recent years. Thus, for chapters II and III, a literature review on leptospirosis in horses was carried out, and the frequency of leptospirosis in equine from Manaus and the metropolitan region of Amazonas was determined, as well as serum samples were collected and sent for diagnosis. leptospirosis serological test at LABLEPTO (leptospirosis research and diagnosis laboratory) belonging to Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM). Serum samples were tested (n = 198) for the presence of anti-Leptospira antibodies by microscopic microagglutination assay, as recommended by the World Health Organization. The results obtained in the study indicated a high frequency (n = 92 / 46.46%) of seropositivity for Leptospira spp. in horses in the State of Amazonas, indicating the existence of a high frequency of reaction to serogroups Icterohaemorrhagiae and Pyrogenes. With the increase in the equine herd in the region and, consequently, greater interaction between breeders and animals, the identification of reactive serogroups of Leptospira spp. signals the possible existence of reservoirs and pathogenic strains for other animals and for man. As a conclusion, in the sum of the three chapters, it can be inferred that the greatest risk of leptospirosis in the state of Amazonas is urban, highly related to environmental conditions favorable to the development and maintenance of the bacterium in the environment, especially when associated with low rates of sanitation. The seroprevalence obtained for horses shows that the disease affects these animals, which can bring economic losses to breeders and health, considering the potential of reservoir and transmission that horses can play. Finally, epidemiological studies on leptospirosis must be of a permanent and periodic nature, so that updated disease data can be kept, which, therefore, could facilitate the implementation and adjustment of leptospirosis prevention and control measures in the state of Amazonas.

MEMBROS DA BANCA:
Externa ao Programa - 2160202 - ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
Interno - 1843993 - ANTONIO HUMBERTO HAMAD MINERVINO
Interno - 2143267 - JOSE MAX BARBOSA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
Externa à Instituição - LEÍSE GOMES FERNANDES
Externa à Instituição - REJANE DOS SANTOS SOUSA
Presidente - 1693122 - SERGIO DE MELO