SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICTS IN QUILOMBOLA COMMUNITIES IN VÁRZEA, SANTARÉM/PARÁ
Quilombo; Socio-environmental conflicts; Ethnicity; Quilombola Territoriality and land entitlements in lowland areas (várzeas).
This study is structured as a long duration ethnographical analysis covering many territorialities and spatialities, with the aim of analyzing socio-environmental conflicts in Quilombola communities located in lowland areas (várzeas) of the Santarém River in the state of Pará, Brazil. In particular, it seeks to understand the process by which Quilombola communities took form in these lowlands, and the way in which they have established themselves in the lowland-environment; to identify overlapping territorial rights under the applicable legal structure; to indicate the key conflicts in the location of Saracura and correlate them with those faced by other Quilombola communities in its lowland-region. Further, based on the perspective of community members from Saracura, the study seeks to interpret the meanings associated with their entitlements both via Concession Contracts for Effective Rights of Use (in the Brazilian acronym, CCDRUs) or Domain Entitlements (TDs). This research’s key issue is whether the socio-environmental conflicts identified in Quilombo Saracura are also experienced by other lowland Quilombola communities, to answer the question: what can the Saracura-experience reveal about entitlements in lowland areas in general? Some well-established Social Science research techniques were applied in pursuance of these objectives, such as participant observation, the use of forms and in-depth interviews. The study is based on the following analytical categories: Quilombo, socio-environmental conflicts; ethnicity; Quilombola territoriality and land entitlements in lowland regions. Its result is an in-depth, holistic analysis of key socio-environmental conflicts in the Quilombola communities established in Santarém’s lowland region, which expands the understanding of the complexities involved in the effective implementation of Quilombola entitlements in the lowlands-ecosystem.