PERCEPÇÃO DOS PESCADORES ACERCA DOS IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DECORRENTES DO PROCESSO DE URBANIZAÇÃO NO ENTORNO DO LAGO DO JUÁ, SANTARÉM, PARÁ, BRASIL
Lake of Juá. Urbanization process. Environmental perception. Social and Environmental Impacts.
This work consists of the analysis of the socioenvironmental impacts resulting from the urbanization process that leads towards Lake Juá, located seven kilometers from the central zone of the city of Santarém, State of Pará. From the perspective of the local fishermen, the effects of the urbanization process have profoundly affected the potential of that ecosystem as the fishing stock and, consequently, the main economic activity of that lacustrine community, the artisanal fishing. The research will use a theoretical conceptual framework obtained by the studies of Political Ecology, identifying the social actors and the environmental resources involved, together with the theoretical support of the studies carried out on environmental perception, of fundamental importance to understand the interrelations between man and the environment, their expectations, their longings, their satisfactions and their dissatisfaction, their judgments and their conduct in relation to the space where they are inserted. In the field, we will use the ethnographic method supported by participant observation, using informal and semi-structured interviews, in order to describe the fishermen's perception of the socio-environmental impacts caused by exogenous actions that degraded the fishing space. We will also describe the economic, social and cultural importance of that ecosystem to the community, since as the environment is being compromised by the intense urbanization process fishermen fear for the extinction of fishing activity in the lake. It was verified to the research that the human intervention directly reached the water and the fish of the lake transforming this social process into a socioenvironmental problem that directly affected the modus vivendi of the fishermen who survive from fishing in the lake.