RESPIRATORY DISEASES RELATED TO BURNS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF MARABÁ-PA IN THE PERIOD FROM 2016 TO 2020
Respiratory diseases. Atmospheric pollution. Marabá.
The Amazon region has one of the highest rates of deforestation. Fires in the Amazon and Cerrado represent the main Brazilian contribution (approximately 19%) to the global sources of various greenhouse gases. The fires usually start in the Amazon in May and reach their maximum in August and September, so it is expected that there will be a greater degree of emission of atmospheric pollutants and health problems in the following months. The main objective of the research was to analyze the notifications of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in the city of Marabá (PA) between 2016 and 2020 and their relationship with fires. This is a descriptive method research using a descriptive quantitative approach through data on hospitalizations for respiratory problems and fire outbreaks in the city of Marabá. The databases consulted were the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) and the National Institute for Space Research (INPE), through the Burning Database (BDQ). The research identified 5,279 reports of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases in the period from 2016 to 2020 in the municipality of Marabá, where the year with the highest averages of hospitalizations for respiratory diseases was 2018, predominantly in females, the age group of children and the elderly were the most affected, the race was the mixed race and the prevailing type of care was emergency. As for fire outbreaks, the year with the highest average was 2017, and the months of the second half of each year were the ones with the highest averages. Thus, respiratory diseases related to fires have become a public health problem, since they have a great impact on the entire population through collaboration to increase the rates of hospitalizations, mortality, poor quality of life, among other problems, which studies that address other variables, such as particulate matter concentration and mortality, are essential.