Teaching preceptorship of multidisciplinary health residencies in the Amazon: a study at the Teaching Hospital of Santarém/PA.
Health education. Multiprofessional residence. Teaching in preceptorship in the SUS. Teaching hospital. Amazon
This research addresses Health Education in the Unified Health System (SUS), aiming to analyze the teaching of preceptors in multidisciplinary health residencies at the only Teaching Hospital in the west of the Pará Amazon in light of the principles of the SUS. The study will be of a qualitative approach (OLIVEIRA, 2016), descriptive, of the case study type (MINAYO, 2014), through bibliographical, documentary and field research. The target audience will be composed of health professionals involved with the training process of the Multiprofessional Residencies developed at the Regional Hospital of Baixo Amazonas (HRBA) in an inter-institutional relationship with the University of the State of Pará (UEPA) in Santarém, PA, among which there are highlight: coordinators, preceptors and tutors (2021-2023), active residents (R1 and R2 - 2022/2023), as well as their graduates (2021/2023), totaling a population of approximately 210 participants. Documentary analysis, interview, questionnaire and field diary will be adopted as data production instruments. Data treatment will be carried out through the content analysis of Bardin (2011) and the triangulation of methods (MINAYO et al, 2005). That said, this study has as a critical theoretical basis Paulo Freire's (1996) transformative education ideals, aligned with humanized training practice, assuming a participatory methodology in the theoretical light of Berbel (2011) and Veiga (2015); the references regarding pedagogical praxis in the perspective of didactic transformation, highlight Vázquez (1977), Therrien (2006) and Gadotti (2004), among other authors in dialogue with the official documents and legal normative framework of the area. This research is expected to contribute to the improvement of health education in in-service teaching in the SUS in the Amazon of Pará, based on the reflection of teaching in preceptorship developed by service professionals, strengthening the social quality of the training process of multidisciplinary residents in the pedagogical and technical aspects of interprofessional action, based on humanized care, with emphasis on the principles of the SUS, in addition to bringing the social quality of health education with the preceptor as the protagonist. It is also planned in this study to discuss the didactic transformation in in-service teaching with the questioning of the teaching action, understanding the preceptor-tutor-resident relationship in the teaching developed in patient care. Therefore, it is intended to approach Educational Ecology as a possible path for health education, as well as to propose a model of pedagogical training for SUS preceptor teachers based on educational ecology and the participatory method for Residencies Multidisciplinary, assuming an empirical analysis contextualized by academic-scientific discussion.