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Dissertations |
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1
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VALDECY DOS ANJOS DA SILVA
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PROJETO DE ASSENTAMENTO AGROEXTRATIVISTA EIXO FORTE EM SANTARÉM-PA: Cenários Dinâmicos de um Assentamento Diferenciado
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Advisor : ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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Data: Jan 30, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The Agroextractive Settlement Project (ASP) was created by INCRA to be used by the traditional populations to exploit extractive wealth through economically viable and ecologically sustainable activities, whose bases are aimed at consolidating sustainability through the use of natural resources with rationality allied to the conservation of the environment. Its main objective is to analyze the characterization of the productive and sustainable dynamics of the Eixo Forte from the perspective of settled families, specifically from the presentation of the evolution of the historical and conceptual aspects of agrarian reform at the national and regional levels, presenting a retrospective of the evolution of the process, highlighting the legal regulatory frameworks, from the discovery of Brazil to the present day, drawing a panorama of the agrarian question in the Amazon from the incentive of the occupation of the Amazon by the projects of government colonization and, next, the presence of the ASP in the West Paraense, passing through the legislations related to this modality as well as explains how the creation of the differentiated settlement took place contextualizing it under the juridical and territorial aspects that base its creation with emphasis the socio-environmental function of the rural property and the relations with the modality sustainable ASP and with regard to the theoretical bases that are related to the settlement, besides analyzing the basic knowledge characteristics of the profile of the settlers and the practices and productive systems that involve the family agriculture and the extractivism and the interrelation with the proposal of the settlement agro-extractivist. The methodology was based on a first moment in the bibliographical research and then documentary research supported in materials on the agrarian reform, documents on the implantation of agroextractivist settlement project in the region and the method used for better understanding is the analytical combined with the explicative with descriptive bases. For the quantitative analysis, we used the interpretation of the data obtained through the field survey with the application of semi-structured questionnaires, with open and closed questions in a sample of five communities (30%) out of a total of 16 and 90 questionnaires applied to about 25% of heads of households. The results of the research are expected to contribute to a better understanding of the history of the evolution of agrarian reform in the western region of Pará in Santarém-Pará and of the creation and legal construction of the settlement, which contributes to the discussions on improvements in public policies aimed in particular at valuing the main characteristics of the settlement, with the extension of sustainable practices and productive activities, so that settlement management can be more fair and adequate to the needs and quality of life of settled families.
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2
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THIAGO CÉSAR DE SOUSA BORGES
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the management of water resourcesin the amazon:an analysis of multiple use of water in the region and its socio-environmenta implications.
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Advisor : RUBENS ELIAS DUARTE NOGUEIRA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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RUBENS ELIAS DUARTE NOGUEIRA
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BRUNO APOLO MIRANDA FIGUEIRA
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IZAURA CRISTINA NUNES PEREIRA COSTA
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FABIO FONSECA FIGUEIREDO
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Data: Jan 30, 2019
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Show Abstract
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It possible to observe that Amazon is an area of constant changes, its territory can be very large and has a huge hydrological potential, it deserves to be highlighted and demand direct accompaniment and knowledge production about that subject. There are lot of looks that have turned to the region in the last years and with them came big projects implementation, and consequently the impacts of these. In this way, this work had the objective of analyzing the possible implications of regional development process in the Amazon, on water resources, aiming to discuss the water use dynamic and management. The methodology used in the research was based on the dialectical method, starting from a bibliographic narrative review based on already elaborated elements such as articles, dissertations, theses and books, considering the qualitative
approach, searching to interpret the central ideas contained in the researched sources. However, after analysis of the Amazon hydrological context, it is possible to notice that although the big enterprises installed and the high utilization of water by the local population, the water systems are not yet scarce. Nevertheless, the fragility of supervision and application of public protection policies to water deserves attention in order to avoid a future collapse of water resources in the Amazon.
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3
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MÁRCIA SABRINA LIMA DE AGUIAR
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Epidemiological aspects of ophidian accidents, from 2005 to 2014, in the city of Santarém, Pará, Brazil
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Advisor : SIRIA LISANDRA DE BARCELOS RIBEIRO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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HELOISA DO NASCIMENTO DE MOURA MENESES
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JOSE MAX BARBOSA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
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SIRIA LISANDRA DE BARCELOS RIBEIRO
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Data: Jan 31, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Snakebite accidents have been included by the World Health Organization in the list of neglected tropical diseases that in most cases affect poor populations living in areas outside the urban area. This dissertation aimed to characterize the epidemiological aspects of ophidian accidents occurred in the municipality of Santarém, Pará, from 2005 to 2014. A descriptive, exploratory and quantitative study was carried out. Epidemiological information was obtained through the Information System of Notifiable Diseases, available in the database of the Department of Information and Information of the Unified Health System for ophidian accidents in the city of Santarém, Pará, Brazil. The following variables were considered: seasonality, age, sex, schooling, race, snake type, case evolution, final classification and time of stinging. The epidemiological profile of ophidian accidents in the municipality of Santarém, Pará, during the 10 years studied, showed that the most affected individuals were male (n = 2,067, 80%), aged 20 to 39 years (n = 2,067 , 38%). Prevalence of accidents caused by snakes of the Bothrops genus, corresponding to 61% (n = 2,067) of the records. The highest frequency of accidents (n = 2067, 52%) corresponds to the rainy season in the municipality. It was verified that the majority resulted in cure, corresponding to 2,021 (n = 2,067, 98%) of the cases and six (n = 2,067, 0.29%) obtained cures with sequelae. It was possible to conclude that the epidemiological profile of ophidian accidents in the municipality of Santarém, Pará, showed the same national cases found in the literature for the variables age, schooling, sex, snake gender and case evolution.
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4
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SUELANY SOUSA DA SILVA
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OF THE NATIONAL FOREST OF TAPAJÓS TO EXCLUSION: a case study of the São Jorge community, Belterra - Pará. 2019
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Advisor : ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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Data: Jan 31, 2019
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Show Abstract
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This work aims to present how the residents of the São Jorge community, located in western Pará, organized themselves to leave the Tapajós National Forest. This study proposes to present the challenges, as well as the causes and consequences of this process through a historical, social, economic and environmental approach. Thus, the information will be collected as historical data, data of the current situation and socioeconomic evolution and production systems before and after the departure of Flona, because with the historical evolution it is sought to explain the economic, social and environmental factors that have occurred over time and which have led to the current conformation of the object of study. The methodological criteria were thus organized: documentary research of printed materials and documents related to the process of emancipation of the community; meeting; round of conversation; semi-structured interviews with the oldest residents, representatives of the Community Association and residents above 18 years of age, based on the snowball technique, covering five thematic axes: historical, environmental, social aspects , economic and institutional aspects of the São Jorge Community. It is a case study, presenting a systemic approach, based on the perception of the residents. Based on the reports of the residents interviewed, while São Jorge was part of Flona there was greater protection from IBAMA, there was a greater control of the use of forest and hunting. However, this enforcement action caused mistrust, fear. The residents felt trapped, with no freedom to create their brush and planting, with no right to remove wood from the forest and make their homes, there were restrictions on hunting and because of such prohibitions they were oppressed, persecuted. For most of the interviewees, agriculture continues to be the main type of production in the area (lot), with the insertion of mechanization in some properties. The main organizational representations of the community are the union precinct and the community council, and the non-participation in the social organizations of the community is mainly due to the lack of interest of the community; the organizations have a regular role in the community, functioning well in its management. Nature came to be seen purely and only as a commodity, from which everything is taken away and one does not have the concern to conserve.
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5
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RAFAELA DOS SANTOS REIS
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Playing, growing and developing: the play in the family, school and therapeutic contexts of autistic children
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Advisor : IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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CELINA MARIA COLINO DE MAGALHAES
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Data: Feb 14, 2019
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Show Abstract
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When thinking about child development, it must be considered that children from birth are immersed in diverse contexts and that these have ingrained several elements that will influence their developmental processes. In this way, the environments, the people and the interactions that take place around them can be agents that promote or limit development. This, in turn, may be even more determinant in cases of children who have inherently difficulties in interactional processes, such as autistics. In addition, the behavioral and social expression that stands out for reflecting the influence of these elements in childhood is play. Therefore, the importance of involving it in research that seeks to elucidate issues related to child development. Based on this perspective, this study aimed to: analyze the perceptions and practices about play, play and relationship with the development of autistic children from the perspective of the social actors present in the family, school and therapeutic institution. Thirteen social actors from the family, school and therapeutic environment of 3 autistic children participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted on play, play and development of the autistic child to ascertain the conceptions of parents, teachers and mediators, as well as sociodemographic aspects. In addition, the observations made in the family context, and in the school and therapeutic contexts, were collected in the field diary (maternal and the researcher), respectively, to collect information about the environment and the practices present in the daily life of these children. The conceptions were analyzed through the qualitative method DSC (Discourse of the Collective Subject) and the observations through the descriptive analysis. The data were interpreted in the light of the Niche Theory of Development. Results: In the physical and social environment, facilitating factors and limiting factors were observed regarding the experience of play experiences. Affectivity emerged as a promoter of socialization and play-related experiences. Concerning practices, parental practices were concerned with fostering interaction through play, even though it was not explicit in the speeches. There were apparent contradictions between the conception and practice of some social actors in the school context, in which the importance of play as a socializing agent in speech appeared, but in practice it was not observed to promote it. It was also seen in the conceptions of social actors a linkage of play as an instrument for the acquisition of knowledge and learning. As for the psychology of the caregivers, 5 conceptions were found that permeated the discourse of parents, teachers and mediators interviewed: a) The play promotes socialization, b) the play facilitates learning, c) the play is related to pleasure and fun, and d) play belongs to childhood. Finally, it was verified that the theoretical model used as a subsidy to investigate this issue, made it possible to ascertain the main elements related to the development of the child and how the play is part of the developmental process of the autistic children researched.
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6
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JOÃO PAULO PANTOJA BRAGA
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HAPPINESS PROJECT: SUBJECTIVE WELFARE FOR CHILDREN OF 8 TO 12 YEARS IN A MUNICIPAL PUBLIC SCHOOL IN SANTARÉM, PARÁ
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Advisor : IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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EDILAN DE SANT ANA QUARESMA
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Data: Feb 14, 2019
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Show Abstract
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This research had as general objective to analyze the suitability of two instruments that evaluate. This research had as general objective to analyze the suitability of two instruments that evaluate the subjective well-being of children, for the reality of the north of Brazil. In order to achieve this general objective, the following specific objectives were defined: a) To carry out an initial diagnosis of means of subjective well-being of children in the city of Santarém; b) Check the applicability of instruments already validated for the reality of children in the northern region. The study involved 101 children aged between 8 and 12 years of age who were duly enrolled in a School of the State of Santarém. The instruments to be used were: a) Multidimensional Scale of Child Life Satisfaction (ESMVI); b) The Human Figure Drawing method where children are asked to answer the following question: "How happy is a person" and answer them through a drawing. The analysis of EMSVI data was performed using Excell and PSPP software. The results on HF were analyzed using the criteria validated by Viapiana, Bandeira and Giacomoni (2016). Regarding the EMSVI results, no revalidation test was possible. We used, therefore, the factors validated in a previous study. (M = 4.07), Family (m = 3.94), self (m = 3.71), self compared (m = 2.42) and non-violence (m = 1.57). Regarding HFD, the highest means were 3 (Integration of the figure) (m = 4.75), 12 (mouth expressing smile) (m = 4.72) and 14 (clothing) (m = 4.62). On the other hand, the lowest averages were in criteria 10 (affective symbols) (m = 1,59), 18 (inanimate objects) (m = 1,62) and 8 (background) (m = 3,00). Other elements that were not evidenced in the initial validation study of this technique, such as the presence of minecraft drawings and the recollection brought by the children, of relatives who are happy, exteriorized in the drawings. No correlation was found between EMSVI factors and DFI criteria. Based on this last result, measures are suggested that aim to refine the research design, to verify the existence of this correlation with a sample of children from the north of the country.
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7
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MÁRCIA SABRINA LIMA DE AGUIAR
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Epidemiological aspects of ophidian accidents, from 2005 to 2017, in the city of Santarém, Pará, Brazil
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Advisor : SIRIA LISANDRA DE BARCELOS RIBEIRO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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SIRIA LISANDRA DE BARCELOS RIBEIRO
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Data: Mar 29, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Despite being considered a serious public health problem, there are few studies that seek to analyze the epidemiological profile of ophidian accidents in Brazil. Given this context and the relevance of studies on this topic, the present study carried out the survey of epidemiological aspects of ophidian accidents occurred in the city of Santarém, Pará, Brazil, from 2005 to 2017. This work consisted of a retrospective, descriptive research -analytic, of all cases of snakebite accidents occurred in said municipality, and notified by the Aggravation and Notification Information System. The following aspects of the accidents were analyzed: age, sex, schooling and race of the accident; month of occurrence; snake type; evolution of the case; final classification; and chopping time. Of the 2,467 snakebites reported in the investigation period, the majority corresponded to attacks by Bothrops snakes (64.3%), followed by Lachesis (20.8%), Crotalus (2.1%) and Micrurus (0.3% ). The majority of accidents involved adult males (79.9%), with ages ranging from 20 to 39 years (37.0%) prevailing. The time elapsed between the bite and the care predominated from 12 to 24 hours (28.5%), the majority of cases being considered moderate (43.5%), which were the most common outcome of the evolution to cure (97 , 5%). The cases occurred more frequently in the months of January to May (52.4%), coinciding with the higher rainfall levels.
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8
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VÂNIA VIEIRA VIDAL
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SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY IN PORT COMPANIES OF MIRITITUBA, MUNICIPALITY OF ITAITUBA PA
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Advisor : MARIA MIRTES CORTINHAS DOS SANTOS
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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MARIA MIRTES CORTINHAS DOS SANTOS
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MARIA DE FATIMA MATOS DE SOUZA
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RODOLFO MADURO ALMEIDA
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MARIA FRANCISCA DE MIRANDA ADAD
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Data: Jul 12, 2019
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Show Abstract
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In the Brazilian Amazon region there have been investments in new port logistics projects in recent decades, which have been consolidating important alternatives for the country's agribusiness. The installation and operation of several bulk ports in the Miritituba District, Itaituba region (PA), changed the social and environmental environment, which motivated the central question of this research in seeking to answer the social and environmental commitment of the Miritituba port companies to the community. where it is inserted, under the perception of local residents. The general objective was to analyze the view of the residents of the community around the ports, about the social and environmental changes that took place and the social and environmental programs developed by the companies. The study methodology followed a field research, using asinstrumentsthe application of questionnairesto 359 residents and documentary research in reports provided by the Association of Ports and Transshipment Charges of the Amazon Basin in Miritituba. By content analysis, according to Bardin. The results obtained through the residents' perception and corroborated by the environmental studies pointed as the main positive impact the increase of jobs and the improvement of the local economy and as negative impact, the population growth that aggravated the problems of basic sanitation and infrastructure of the locality, causing a pressure on services already offered to the community, precarious infrastructure, weaknesses in public safety and health. The final considerations of this work highlight that the installation and operation of port ventures led to significant positive and negative changes for the local population. It is also pointed out that companies have been seeking to comply with the minimum agenda set by the government but it is necessary that in addition of the port companies in Miritituba, the government can also assume the role of improving basic services to the population. Finally, the importance of the practice of corporate social responsibility is emphasized in order to maintain and promote ev more actions, projects and even interventions in the local infrastructure, which can increasingly help improve the quality of life conditions of the population local
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9
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ÁUREA SIQUEIRA DE CASTRO AZEVÊDO
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Environmental infractions against the flora in the regions Baixo Amazonas and Tapajós, Pará, from 2009 to 2018.
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Advisor : THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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JOSE MAX BARBOSA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
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ANTONIA DO SOCORRO PENA DA GAMA
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IZAURA CRISTINA NUNES PEREIRA COSTA
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QUEZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA
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Data: Jul 26, 2019
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Show Abstract
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From the categories of crimes prescribed in the Law number 9.605/1998 – Law of Environmental Crimes – and in the Federal Decree number 6.514/2008, the infractions against the flora in the Brazilian states present higher averages in too many categories, which demands further investigation into the types of breaches registered by environmental inspections. The present study has the objective to diagnose and analyze the environmental infractions committed against the flora in the regions of the Baixo Amazonas and Tapajos, in the state of Pará, registered from the period of 2009-2018, by the State Secretary of the Environment and Sustainability (SEMAS). Bibliographic and documental searches were done in 767 breaches drawn up against the flora between 2009-2018 in 19 municipalities in the areas of study. The results showed that Santarem and Novo Progresso were the municipalities with the most environmental infractions against the flora in the Baixo Amazonas and Tapajos region, respectively. The type of breach with the greatest occurrence was the deforestation and destruction of vegetation, corresponding to 71% (n=548) of the total breaches. Areas of ‘Legal Reserve’ and ‘Areas of Permanent Preservation’ were the most affected by the illegal deforestation. Approximately 59% (n=270) of the breaches enforced were incidences over the area of the deforestation of a size of less than 5 hectares. Besides this around 50% (n=339) of the breaches occurred in privately owned land and the citizens were the principle offenders against the flora. In this way the study re enforces that the forests, one of the principal Amazonian Resources, creates a severely threatened environment. That being said, the presence of the state should be intense in 2 ways: to incentivize and guarantee the environmental sustainability to realize greater inspections in the areas researched.
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10
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ELOÍSA AMORIM DE BARROS
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THE AMAZONIDA QUILOMBOLA HEALING: THE RESISTANCE TO THE OFFICIAL HEALTH MODEL AND THE STRENGTHENING OF AFRODESCENDENT COMMUNITIES OF ÓBIDOS-PARÁ
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Advisor : ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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AUGUSTO RODRIGUES DA SILVA JUNIOR
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ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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Data: Aug 9, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The purpose of this dissertation is to present the results of the research on cultural habits and collective health in the Lower Amazon region, in communities of quilombos/mocambos remnants, and to answer the scientific question that guided the research, namely, how do the figure of the healers (men and women) interfere with the way a community of Quilombos of the Lower Amazon deals with collective health, and how do they influence the quality of people's lives by strengthening healthy cultural habits? With this purpose and the intention of achieving our objectives, which were the investigation of the figure of the healers (men and women), and medicinal bottles producers in a context of possible resistance to the colonialist model of health in the Lower Amazon region; the identification and analyses of possible elements that characterize popular health practices, considering possible adaptations of African matrices practices to the logic of the Amazonian forest; the investigation of the office of healers in the present day in the Quilombo/Mocambo communities of Silêncio and São José, in Óbidos-Pará and; inquisition about the production process and recommendation of medicinal bottles; we opted for a qualitative research approach with semi-structured interviews, in order to present the recognition of the health practices by community members who are specialized in giving blessings and in administrating healings. The writing of the dissertation was concentrated in a narrative of voices conception, being the researcher the supporting actor and the researched people the main actors in the play. In our case, the actors of the research are healers (men and women) and producers of medicinal bottles that, in their testimonies, confirmed what we proposed to research from the guiding question of the whole process.
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11
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RENATA DE SOUSA NASCIMENTO
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Transformation of bauxite residues into anionic clays
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Advisor : BRUNO APOLO MIRANDA FIGUEIRA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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BRUNO APOLO MIRANDA FIGUEIRA
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CHRISTIANE DO NASCIMENTO MONTE
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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Data: Aug 27, 2019
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Show Abstract
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After the environmental disasters generated by the tailings dams of the iron mineral industry in Mariana (2015) and Brumadinho (2019) in Minas Gerais, the urgency of studies to know their chemical and mineral properties, as well as their conversion to low cost value-added products. As in Minas Gerais, the state of Pará has several tailings dams (iron, manganese, copper, aluminum, kaolin, nickel, gold, silicon) along its territory, most of which have no knowledge of their properties. mineral-chemical. In this work, a characterization study of bauxite (aluminum) washing tailings from the Amazon (West Region of Pará) was developed for the production of anionic clays, also demonized as layered double hydroxides (LDH). These materials are known for their technological importance for environmental clean-up, slow and controlled release of fertilizers and agrochemicals, adsorbents, ion exchangers, catalysts and nanomedicine. A scientometric study was carried out to map the landscape of LDH production and application in Brazil, as well as to identify the research centers and researchers that stand out in terms of publication number and the most widely used journal for publication. The results of the sciometric review revealed a growing increase in the last 30 years of work involving LDH with emphasis on large groups and research centers in the South and Southeast. As far as aluminum ore (bauxite) tailings are concerned, they have been successfully transformed into LDH nanomaterials with piroaurite and hydrocalumite structure, as well as Katoita, thus showing that an unwanted product in the mineral industry can be used as an interesting feedstock. low cost for the production of materials of great technological relevance, with the advantage of reducing their environmental impacts in the Amazon.
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12
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RENATO SILVA SANTIAGO
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ANTHROPOGENIC DISTURBANCES IN THE LAST DECADES IN THE URUMARI IGARAPÉ, SANTARÉM, PARÁ
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Advisor : JAILSON SANTOS DE NOVAIS
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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JAILSON SANTOS DE NOVAIS
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IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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FABRÍCIO BERTON ZANCHI
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DIEGO RAMOS PIMENTEL
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Data: Aug 30, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The emergence of spontaneous occupations and the improper use of the soil, as well as the inadequate management of water resources, result in several problems to the environment and people who live and depend on this environment. This study was carried out on the Urumari igarapé microbasin, located in the city of Santarém, Pará, and aimed to identify and analyze the spatial and temporal dynamics of land use and cover changes in the igarapé microbasin, between 1987 and 2018, through techniques of digital image processing and remote sensing. In addition, we sought to investigate the perception of older people residing along the igarapé on possible local processes of environmental degradation, respecting the timeline and comparing such perception with data acquired through geotechnologies. The method for remote sensing included an on-site visit to strategic points of the main course of the Urumari stream, supervised classification by the Maximum Likelihood algorithm, images of the Landsat 5 TM satellites, Landsat 8 OLI and community interviews. The analysis of the remote sensing data was elaborated using the QGIS software and its complements. The results show the loss of dense vegetation and the considerable increase of built or exposed soil. We concluded the studied environment has undergone deep human intervention in the last 31 years, without any kind of repair of the native vegetation. The method for collecting qualitative data included the Problem-Centered Interview technique applied to 31 persons and, to analyze the interviews, the Collective Subject Discourse (DSC) technique was used.
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13
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VERENA CIBELE SOARES MOURA
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URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: EFFORTS OF BRAZILIAN RESEARCH AND MAPPING AND PERCEPTION OF RESIDENTS IN SANTARÉM CITY, PARÁ
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Advisor : JOSE MAX BARBOSA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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JOSE MAX BARBOSA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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YNGLEA GEORGINA DE FREITAS GOCH
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IZAURA CRISTINA NUNES PEREIRA COSTA
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ANA ISABEL DA SILVA AÇO RENDA
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Data: Sep 6, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Nowadays the world is becoming increasingly urban, being one of the most striking processes in contemporary society. This growing urbanization has triggered impacts that affect the whole relationship between the social and the natural environment. In order to analyze this relationship, the present work is divided into two chapters, where the first deals with a scientometric analysis of studies on environmental impacts resulting from urbanization in Brazil. In the second, a mapping was performed and the perception of the population about environmental impacts present in the urban area of Santarém, Pará, Brazil was evaluated. Both chapters are structured in research article format. In Chapter I, a search for articles (scientometric analysis) was performed in the Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Scopus Data base (Elsevier) and Web of Science databases, published from 1971 to 2017. A spatial evolution was verified and temporal publication of scientific publications, where 319 articles were found, these began to be published only from 1971. It was found that there was a strong positive relationship between the number of works and the year of publication (r = 0.751; p <0.001 ). The area of expertise of the researchers with the highest frequency of occurrence was applied social sciences (n = 88; 28%), directly linked to the impacted health component, which obtained the largest number of articles (n = 63; 20%), of course, the magazines that published the most were also related to this theme. The southeast region was the largest holder of articles (n = 107; 33%), as well as the Atlantic Forest as its predominant biome (n = 125; 39%), results that reinforce the need for decentralization of research in large urban centers. and expanded to small and medium-sized cities. In Chapter II, the spatialization of impacts was performed through a georeferenced database from field visits, focusing on the main urban environmental impacts. Additionally, interviews were conducted (using a pre-established questionnaire) with the residents, in order to verify their environmental perception, where later analyzes were performed with the aid of R and IRAMUTEQ software. It was found that significant environmental impacts occur throughout the city, but the negative ones stood out. The Central neighborhood has characteristics that differ from the other study neighborhoods, being developed in the residents' view, however, also presenting many impacts. The expanding neighborhoods represent deficiencies that exist in many peripheral neighborhoods of Santarém-Pa, as in relation to infrastructure, solid waste and sewage, it is understood that to improve the urban environmental quality, a greater contribution from the public power is needed. from the residents themselves.
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14
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HELOISE MICHELLE NUNES MEDEIROS
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ALTERNATIVE TOURISM: EFFORTS RESEARCH IN THE AMERICAS AND PERCEPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS IN A EXTRACTIVE RESERVE (RESEX) FROM WESTERN PARAENSE, BRAZIL
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Advisor : JOSE MAX BARBOSA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ANA ISABEL DA SILVA AÇO RENDA
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JOSE MAX BARBOSA DE OLIVEIRA JUNIOR
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QUEZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA
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SANDRA MARIA SOUSA DA SILVA
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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Data: Sep 18, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Tourism is highly dependent on natural and cultural resources; however, as a result of the attractiveness of the environment, it can have positive and / or negative impacts in the natural, cultural or social context. Due to the aforementioned relationships, tourism activities specialize in segments such as alternative tourism, more aware and responsible for the natural resources and culture of its local population. In this context, the general objective of this work was to perform a scientometric analysis of studies with alternative tourism in the American continent, as well as to analyze the local perception of possible environmental impacts in communities located in an Extractive Reserve (RESEX) in West paraense, Brazil. To meet these objectives the dissertation was divided into two chapters, which are in the format of articles. Chapter 1: The objective of this work was to evaluate the scientific production of the studies published on alternative tourism and environment impacts from 1973 to 2017 in the American continent, through a scientometric analysis. The study was developed through search of works in ISI Web of Knowledge databases, Scopus Database and Scielo. 4,137 papers were tabulated. There is a strong positive correlation between the number of papers and year of publication (r = 0.864, p <0.001). North America was the region with the highest number of publications (N = 2,225, 47,48%). It was found a high diversity of journals that publish works on alternative tourism in the American continent (H '= 4.653), being Estudios y Perspectivas en Turismo (N = 186; 15%) the periodical with the largest number of publications. The largest number of publications addresses the Ecotourism segment (N = 1,257, 30.12%). The largest number of studies was carried out in terrestrial environments (N = 3156, 76%). Of the total number of publications, only 19% (N = 768) were conducted in protected areas. The main approaches of the studies were impacts (N = 595, 14.4%). Among the environmental means, the anthropic environment was the most studied (N = 2,826, 40%). Change in water quality (17%) was the most studied impacted component. There is a significant difference between the character of the impacts addressed in the studies (F (3, 119) = 2,985, p = 0.034). Even with so many subconceptions it is necessary to develop alternative tourism in order to respect what the essence of the segment prescribes, such as sustainable development, with involvement and appreciation of local communities and traditions, incorporating them into the economic sector and promoting environmental education. Chapter 2: The present chapter aimed to identify, considering residents' perceptions, the possible environmental impacts of alternative tourism in RESEX Tapajós-Arapiuns communities, Pará, Brazil. Verification of environmental impacts was carried out through structured interviews, with open and closed questions with 122 residents of three RESEX communities. Most informants (91.8%) do not know how to explain the concept of alternative tourism (AT), however, for 87.7% of them the TA does not generate negative impacts. Income (53%) is the most frequent expression used by RESEX residents to disclose what alternative tourism brings about positive impacts. For most respondents, tourists do not influence local customs change (74.6%), nor do they identify tourism-related violence (94.3%). Finally, 89.3% of residents say that tourists do not pollute the environments. The research carried out in this important Conservation Unit deserves the attention of technicians and academic researchers, and can thus provide subsidies to management programs, in order to provide a set of real bases for analysis, interpretation and planning of tourist spaces.
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15
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PAULA DE SOUZA FERREIRA
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ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION POLICIES: the reality of Parque and Floresta municipal schools in Santarém (PA), Brazil
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Advisor : MARIA MIRTES CORTINHAS DOS SANTOS
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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MARIA MIRTES CORTINHAS DOS SANTOS
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MARIA DE FATIMA MATOS DE SOUZA
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SOLANGE HELENA XIMENES ROCHA
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RODOLFO MADURO ALMEIDA
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Data: Oct 29, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The National Policy for Environmental Education - PNEA was instituted through Law No. 9.795 / 99, which established the obligation to disseminate Environmental Education (EA) in schools due to the improvement of the environment, concretizing the right acquired in the Federal Constitution of 1988, Art. 225, item VI. In the municipality of Santarém - PA, the creation of the Environmental Education Coordination in 2006, through the Municipal Education Secretariat, consisted of the implementation of the PNEA in the municipality, thus, two dissemination poles of Environmental Education - EA were founded: Escola Municipal da Floresta (2008) and Parque Municipal School (2010). Considering that schools are a reference in EE in the city of Santarém - PA, this study sought to answer the following question: How has the National Environmental Education Policy been developed in the Park and Forest schools? In this sense, the main objective of the research is to analyze the development of PNEA, Law 9.795 / 99, through the work of the Forest and Park schools, disseminating centers of Environmental Education in the municipal school system, in the municipality of Santarém (PA). The research was developed through the qualitative study, supported by the bibliographical research: literature survey about environment, environmental education and policies of Environmental Education - EA; documentary: PNEA and Municipal Education Plans of Santarém - PA (2004 - 2013 and 2015 - 2025); and field: semi-structured interviews with the following participants: 01 Manager / coordinator, 01 manager, 03 teachers and 02 educators. Data analysis was performed through Content Analysis. The data revealed the lack of articulation between the proposal of the National EA Policy in the Municipal Education Plans - SMEs analyzed, which demonstrated the fragility in the discussions in the process of construction of the referred SMEs. We observed the efforts of the polo schools to bring the work proposal to the other schools of the municipal school system, however it was found that after 2013 the school proposal underwent changes that began to interfere with the work objectives of the schools. Thus, it is appropriate to reflect and point out some ways to the public authority responsible for the development of environmental education in the school system, in this case, SEMED, for the need to expand environmental education activities in line with the PNEA.
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16
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TONY GLEYDSON DA SILVA BARROS
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THE PARTICIPATION OF THE ALTAMIRA MUNICIPAL EDUCATION NETWORK IN SEXUAL VIOLENCE FACING NETWORK AGAINST CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
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Advisor : MARIA DE FATIMA MATOS DE SOUZA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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MARIA DE FATIMA MATOS DE SOUZA
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ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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MARIA FRANCISCA DE MIRANDA ADAD
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GENYLTON ODILON REGO DA ROCHA
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Data: Oct 29, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Among the most diverse social problems, the abuse and sexual exploitation of children and adolescents has been demanding a series of theoretical and conceptual reflections, transforming their confrontation in a paradigmatic way in the last two decades. of education with the network to confront violence against children and adolescents in the municipality of Altamira - PA, which could not be oblivious to these transformations. From this perspective, the problem addressed in this research had as its central question: How is the articulation of the municipal education network of Altamira in the network of coping with existing sexual violence in the municipality? As secondary questions: how is the network for confronting sexual violence against children and adolescents organized in the municipality of Altamira? What actions has the municipal education network of altamira taken to promote the confrontation of sexual violence against children and adolescents in municipal schools? The research aimed to analyze the participation of the municipal education network of altamira in the network to confront sexual violence against children and adolescents. The methodology adopted is qualitative, through a case study of the Altamira municipal education network, based on a documental analysis and interviews with the Secretariat of Education and / or Director of Education of the Municipal Secretariat of Education and the main entities representing the protection network against sexual violence against children and adolescents in the municipality. The data reveal that in contexts involving children victims of sexual violence that externalize symptoms and signs in school are common in the daily life of municipal schools. They also reveal that there are cases in which it takes a long time for the school to act on a suspected Sexual Abuse, and when it does, it is not yet aware of the correct procedures in addressing the issue, either with the child, with family or other institutions charged with protecting and guaranteeing the rights of children and adolescents.
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17
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ELINES DOS SANTOS BATISTA
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DIAGNOSIS OF THE GENERATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME FROM THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PORTS IN MIRITITUBA, ITAITUBA-PARÁ
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Advisor : MARIA DE FATIMA MATOS DE SOUZA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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MARIA DE FATIMA MATOS DE SOUZA
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MARIA FRANCISCA DE MIRANDA ADAD
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JARSEN LUIS CASTRO GUIMARAES
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FRANCIVALDO ALVES NUNES
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Data: Oct 30, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The present study has the following title: Diagnosis of the generation of employment and income from the implantation of the ports in Miritituba, Itaituba-Pará, has as general objective to analyze the contribution of bulk carriers in the generation of employment and income from the implantation in Miritituba , and as specific objectives to ascertain the commitment assumed by the companies in the generation of employment and income for the residents of the community and what is actually being fulfilled; to know the professional qualification profile of the workers who act directly and indirectly in the installed companies; to verify the participation of the local labor force in the jobs generated by the companies directly and indirectly; and analyze the role of the informal economy in Miritituba Port. The methodology used for the development of the study was based on the bibliographical research for the theoretical construction of the work, using a quantitative-qualitative approach, exploratory and descriptive research, with field research and documentary research, being used as a data collection instrument the questionnaire and analysis of contents for triangulation, by sources with documentary analysis from public documents provided by the city council of Itaituba and Itaituba municipal government, as well as reports provided by AMPORT on the participation of the local population contracted to act in the companies involved in the installation process and will also seek to verify the perception of residents of the community.
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18
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PATRÍCIA SANTOS SILVA
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BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF CASSAVA PROCESSING: INCENTIVE SUSTAINABLE FLOUR PRODUCING UNITS
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Advisor : ISRAEL NUNES HENRIQUE
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ISRAEL NUNES HENRIQUE
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BRUNO APOLO MIRANDA FIGUEIRA
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CARLOS CELIO SOUSA DA CRUZ
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JOSE TAVARES DE SOUSA
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Data: Nov 6, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Cassava is a prominent crop in Brazil, with high production and consumption. From their processing flour or starch comes as final products, from different types of processing. In this context, waste is generated without proper disposal, such as handling and wastewater from the tub. These effluents are rich in organic matter, with low pH and cyanide presence. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of biological treatment of effluents, as a form of sustainable incentive to flour producing units. The experiment consisted of three systems, using facultative lagoons (L1, L2 and L3) and UASB reactors (U1, U2 and U3) where each one treated tributary with the following proportions: (A1) raw sewage and tub water (6: 4); (A2) raw and handling sewage (9: 1) and (A3) raw and sewage sewage (6: 3: 1). All were monitored and evaluated by physical and chemical analyzes, which were diluted to 150 liters / per week of preparation. The characterization of the manipueira presented the following results: pH (28,7 ° C) 4,51; total cyanide 297 mg. L-1 and COD of 42101 mg. L-1. While the results of puba water were found: pH (27,2 ° C) 3,85; total cyanide 27.6 mg. L-1 and COD of 11124 mg. L-1. The pH stabilization of the ponds in relation to the tributary presented in all five treatment start cycles within the recommended for the buffer capacity of the UASB reactors. Regarding CN, the lagoons (L1, L2 and L3) removed 79%, 70% and 69% respectively. COD removal was obtained around 60% for system 1 (L1 - U1), 59% for system 2 (L2 - U2) and 55% removal in system 3 (L3 - U3). The treated effluents from the UASB reactors demonstrated important NTK, NH4 +, Pt and PO43- contents for reuse in fertigation. Therefore the treatment systems showed technical and economical viability in the use of biological processes in the elevation of the pH and the removal of cyanide, as well as in the environmental quality with the removal of most of the biodegraded organic matter.
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19
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ANA QUELOENE IMBIRIBA CORRÊA
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PROFILE OF HYGIENIC, SANITARY, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL RESIDENCE OF CASSAVA FLOURS
IN PLANALTO SANTARENO / PA
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Advisor : ISRAEL NUNES HENRIQUE
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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ISRAEL NUNES HENRIQUE
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JOSE TAVARES DE SOUSA
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Data: Nov 6, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The flour houses are productive structures that perform the processing of cassava for the production of flour and other derivatives, and with the exception of some establishments most use traditional production method and family labor in Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the sanitary conditions and the workers' perception regarding the socioeconomic and environmental impacts of cassava flour houses located in the Boa Esperança District, Santarém Municipality (PA). To this end, the methodology included the following steps: bibliographic survey, study area characterization, photographic record, geographic coordinate collection, application of an RDC 216/2004 inspection form, and interview through the application of forms from which the target audience was: the farmers of each flour house. This is an exploratory research with qualitative and quantitative approach, where six flour houses distributed in three different communities were characterized and 22 workers were interviewed. Data analysis occurred through descriptive statistical analysis of data, through absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies. The study reveals that the flour houses in the Boa Esperança District are small, family-oriented, with advances in technological apparatus, being classified as mechanized and semi-mechanized and the sanitary quality does not yet include all the minimum items required by the Company. RDC 216/2004. Regarding the perception of workers about the main socioeconomic impacts, it is highlighted that most are male (64%) and the sale of cassava derivatives is the main source of income of the interviewees. And the environmental perception showed that they are aware of the environmental problems caused by the cassava activity. Regarding the cases studied, it is concluded that the implementation of corrective and preventive measures is necessary to ensure the quality of the food produced in these places, as well as to improve the workers' quality of life.
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20
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MILTON RENATO DA SILVA MELO
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DEVELOPMENT AND PUBLIC POLICY IN COMMUNITIES OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AREA PAYTUNA, MONTE ALEGRE, PARÁ
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Advisor : HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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LEONIDAS LUIZ VOLCATO DESCOVI FILHO
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IZAURA CRISTINA NUNES PEREIRA COSTA
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SEBASTIÃO RODRIGUES DA SILVA JUNIOR
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Data: Nov 12, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The creation of protected areas can be considered an effective strategy to protect biodiversity and its natural resources, since it establishes the control of territories, defining boundaries and specifying dynamics in their use and occupation. The State of Pará has made great progress in the creation of Conservation Units, currently having 25 units. Not touching. The creation of these units often reflects an antagonism between the logic of traditional communities and preservationist and conservationist perspectives, causing conflicts of various kinds, among them the non-recognition of the practices and customs of local populations. The creation of the Paytuna Environmental Protection Area in the municipality of Monte Alegre is a reflection of the state of Pará's progress in the use of this strategy to protect natural resources. In this sense, the objective was to investigate the effects of the creation of the unit in question on socioeconomic development, taking as reference four communities that integrate it, which are: Ererê, Maxirá, Maxirazinho and Nazaré. In order to do so, field data collection and documentary research were carried out from a quantitative and qualitative approach, using techniques such as the application of questionnaires and document analysis. About the data collected in the field, they were interpreted by the descriptive statistics technique, using the Excel / Windows program. On the other hand, the documentary research allowed the elaboration of descriptive texts about the pertinent information to the accomplishment of the research objectives. The results indicate that the process of creation / implementation of APA Paytuna has demonstrated flaws that hinder the management of the PA. He identified that the most accessed public policies in the APA, are inherent to income transfer programs such as “Bolsa Familia” and “Seguro Defeso”, actions arising from environmental policies aimed at improving the quality of life of local populations are incipient and reduced. Regarding the living conditions index of the communities, despite some deprivations regarding the factors and characteristics of development, the results were satisfactory, but it allows us to reflect if the residents are not living under a state of resigned accommodation. Thus, it was concluded that the creation of APA Paytuna has contributed little to the socioeconomic development of the studied communities, making more evident the need to elaborate and implement more effective environmental public policies that consider local populations as an integral part of the whole process. of construction.
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21
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MARIA ZILOMAR DE SOUSA UCHOA
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An analysis of access to public policy in the Association of rural working women in the municipality of Belterra-Pará (AMABELA).
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Advisor : THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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JORGIENE DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
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LIDIANE NASCIMENTO LEAO
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Data: Nov 14, 2019
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Show Abstract
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In Brazil, the first public policies for women were the result of the strengthening of social movements, which also corroborated the participation of women in the drafting of the constitutional text of 1988, which contemplates social rights for women. This study is not limited to demonstrating public policies aimed at associated women, it goes much further and hopes to promote a comprehensive debate on the social rights of rural women. The research addressed the following problem: what public policies does the Association of Rural Women Workers of the Municipality of Belterra-Pará (Amabela) have access to? Having as a general objective, to analyze the public policies that Amabela women have access to; and as specific objectives, to identify these public policies and to verify if the fact of being associated, facilitated the access to these public policy (s). This descriptive research was based on bibliographic survey (theoretical study) and semi-structured interviews (field research), and the data were analyzed using the content analysis technique. In the field research, 20 associates were interviewed, who showed that Amabela women have access to general public policies, such as education, work and social security. No specific public policy was observed for the associates. It is concluded that the association makes the women's movement stronger, despite having insufficient access to public policies, and the fact that they are associated enables these women to have knowledge about their rights and clarify how to claim them
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22
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DEIZE FREITAS PONTES
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LIFE CONDITIONS AND CULTURAL HABITS IN A TRADITIONAL COMMUNITY OF LOWER AMAZONAS: THE CASE OF QUILOMBO/ MOCAMBO OF MURATUBINHA
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Advisor : ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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AUGUSTO RODRIGUES DA SILVA JUNIOR
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ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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Data: Nov 25, 2019
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Show Abstract
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This dissertation focuses on the way of life and cultural habits with regards to the population in Amazonian region, highlighting a Remnant Community of Quilombos (Black) Muratubinha, in western of Pará, characterized by its environmental diversity, socio-cultural complexities and geographical conditions. The scientific question that guided the research is: do daily social practices and cultural health habits influence the quality of life of the quilombo community residents in the Amazon region? The research aimed to investigate the living social conditions and cultural practices of quilombos with health disease process, showing or not points that link the cultures of the investigated community residents, the environment in which they live and how the collective health is promoted by and among the population, in addition to the associated aspects that interfere with the health and resources used by quilombos, in a preventive and curative manner. The qualitative approach research with ethnographic method elements focused on a community of remnants of quilombos, Muratubinha, characterized as lowland, in Óbidos-PA. Through a questionnaire application with semi-structured interviews with key-narrators and participant observation, transcription and analysis of information, the results were validated, enabling a scientific and citizenship positioning of living and health conditions of community, identifying and empowering the quilombo culture in the maintenance of its identity and knowledge.
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23
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MÔNICA PATRÍCIA DE SOUSA RÊGO
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Advisor : ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ADRIANA CAROPREZO MORINI
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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Data: Nov 25, 2019
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Show Abstract
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24
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CAMILA DA COSTA LOPES
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CULTURAL RESEARCH AND KONDURI GEOARCHEOLOGICAL BASIS FROM CERAMIC RECORDS
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Advisor : ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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AUGUSTO RODRIGUES DA SILVA JUNIOR
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BRUNO APOLO MIRANDA FIGUEIRA
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ITAMAR RODRIGUES PAULINO
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STEFAN WILHELM BOLLE,
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Data: Nov 26, 2019
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Show Abstract
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This dissertation presents the result of cultural, georheological and anthropological investigations of the extinct Konduri ethnic group, during the period of contact between Europeans and local peoples from the Lower Amazon region during the colonization period. Reports pointed out that they lived in the 5th to the 17th centuries, in the region where the cities of Nhamundá, Oriximiná, Faro and Óbidos are located. The objectives of our research are to investigate the cultural and identity formation of the Konduris from geoarchaeological records and analyses of ceramic pieces of the Lower Amazon region. The research was divided in three moments. The first concerns the state of the art, about reports of chroniclers who sailed the Amazon River in the researched region, between the 16th and 17th centuries, such as Orellana and Acunã. In the second moment, quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed, describing 20 ceramic fragments under the safeguard of the Integrated Museum of Óbidos (MIOB), found in the community of Arapucu, in accordance to recognized Konduri-style references, as well as statistical balance on Konduri-style characteristics. In the third moment, the geo-archaeological-archaeometric analysis was done through X-ray diffraction techniques - XRD, to identify mineralogical phases of ceramic component materials, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), to characterize clay and the resistance conditions of ceramics. The results allowed us to state that the investigated pieces are characteristic of the Konduri style, and show rectilinear, curvilinear and random incisions, application and punctuation of the pieces, as well as the presence of zoomorphic and anthropomorphic appendages, as well as ‘cauxi’ presence. This confirms archaeological references of the region and makes possible to suggest that the indigenous group was concern in improving the mechanical resistance of the ceramic pieces.
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25
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DANIELY LEAL DA COSTA
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PELVIC FUNCTIONALITY AND QUALITY OF LIFE OF AMAZON FARMERS
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Advisor : IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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RUTH HELENA CRISTO ALMEIDA
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RODRIGO LUIS FERREIRA DA SILVA
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Data: Nov 28, 2019
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Show Abstract
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There is a growing appreciation and empowerment of women in various spaces of contemporary society, including the rural area. Farmers end up adding several tasks which can negatively impact their health and quality of life. This study aimed to analyze the relationships between labor practices, pelvic functionality and quality of life of farmers in a community in the western region of Pará, in the interior of the Amazon. Therefore, the work was organized in the format of 3 articles. The first article presents an analysis of the self-perceptions regarding the quality of life of the participating women, conducted through an interview and a questionnaire with open and closed questions respectively. It was observed that the farmers report positive and negative aspects of living and working in the interior of the Amazon, and their quality of life on a regular scale, according to them. The second article aims to analyze the general health conditions of farmers. The most repeated movements in the work practice were analyzed and a physical examination was performed, obtaining photographs in anterior, lateral, posterior and trunk flexion views. It was observed that 100% of the sample has pain, the vast majority have postural disorders and the major complaints are related to the osteomioarticular system, being influenced by the practices performed by them. Chapter 3 assessed the pelvic functionality of women farmers. An examination of the pelvic floor was performed in an appropriate place, quantifying muscle strength through a perineometer and evaluating the activation of the pelvic floor and abdominal muscles in the most performed movements during their work. It was evidenced that 53% of the sample have prolapses, 53% have pelvic pain and 38% have stress urinary incontinence. Through dynamic electromyography, it was possible to infer the relationship between pelvic stalk musculature and the practice of agriculture in the interior of the Amazon. It is understood that health promotion actions and improvements in governmental areas of responsibility are necessary in order to promote better quality of life for this public.
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26
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ASSIS JÚNIOR CARDOSO PANTOJA
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The playing of quilombola children in the community of Tiningú in Santarém, Pará: contributions to the child motor development. Interdisciplinary Master's Dissertation of the Postgraduate Program in Society, Environment and Quality of life
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Advisor : IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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DENNISON CELIO DE OLIVEIRA CARVALHO
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IANI DIAS LAUER LEITE
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ILKA DIAS BICHARA
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SILVÂNIA YUKIKO LINS TAKANASHI
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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Data: Nov 29, 2019
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Show Abstract
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The child is a historical subject who produces culture and has rights, as it builds its personal and collective identity in the daily interactions and practices that it experiences, plays, learns, observes, experiences, narrates, questions and establishes meanings about nature and society, regardless of the context in which it is inserted. Play is a universal trait that varies by culture and when the child plays freely, he explores everything around him, reasons, makes discoveries, persists, learns and expresses their sensations relating the real and the imaginary. Child behaviors such as play and their relationship with motor development in specific contexts, such as those of quilombola communities, constitute a promising field of research due to the influence of environmental and sociocultural variables. The general objective of this research was to analyze the contributions of the playing of children in the third childhood to the child motor development in a remnant quilombos community in the city of Santarém-PA. The research in question was conducted in the Tiningú quilombola community, near the city of Santarém in Pará, located in the rural region of western Pará, on the banks of the Maicá River, 47 km from the Santarém Urban area. Eighteen children participated, being 11 girls and 7 boys who fit in the third childhood with ages between 7 and 11 years. Data were collected in different ways: for the data related to play, the drawing technique was used, followed by two questions related to the play spaces and the types of play; For motor performance evaluation, the Rosa Neto Motor Development Scale (2002) was used. As an additional data collection instrument, the field diary was used by the researcher. Data from the drawings and answers to the questions were transcribed and quantified. Data regarding motor development were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The children's speeches, during the application of data collection techniques, were recorded and transcribed into the field diary. Regarding the spaces, the data indicated that the children surveyed prefer to play outdoors in the middle of nature, which is the classification: Home side (33.33%), stream (22.22%), soccer field (22 , 22%). Regarding the types of play, the most prevalent results were: play ball (31.03%). Gender differences were identified regarding play spaces: boys preferred places farther from their homes and girls chose closer spaces. Gender segregation was also identified in the types of play: boys showed a preference for playing ball while girls indicated preferring to play house. Regarding the motor profile, the ratings showed satisfactory results (average = 96.92 months), within the normal range, however, when analyzing these results more specifically, it was noticed that there are variations of the average of this normality down and up. The influencing factors for the averages rising were the results of the motor areas of fine, global and balance, while for the low were the results of Body Scheme, Spatial and Temporal Organization. Regarding the contributions of play to motor development, it was identified that the spaces of play, the frequency of play in these spaces and the types of play can be factors that contribute to the results achieved in development. The research added to the studies on play, bringing data from a specific context and generated information that can be used to promote quality of life for children in the researched community.
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27
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TAMIRES SHEYENNE PEREIRA DA SILVA
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Advisor : ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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ANDREI SILVA FREITAS
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Data: Dec 2, 2019
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Show Abstract
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28
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JOÃO DAVID BATISTA LISBÔA
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Evaluation of the toxicological effects of the association of the herbicides 2,4-D and Picloram in fish of the species Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818)
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Advisor : MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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FLAVIA GARCEZ DA SILVA
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Data: Dec 12, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Pesticides are active ingredients, with a high degree of proven toxicity, can cause morphophysiological changes and even mortality of organisms. There are studies showing their damage to water, soil, insects, crustaceans, amphibians and fish due to direct exposure, at the time of application, or indirect, by residues that remain in the environment. Herbicides are the main pesticides detected in surface and ground water. Picloram and 2,4-D are examples of these herbicides that can remain in the environment for years. Due to its commercial formulation is accessible and affordable, the population can easily purchase individually or in combination. Despite there are many studies with these active ingredients, it has not been possible to clarify their mechanisms of action in organisms, except in plants. Thus, the proportion of environmental and human hazards is unknown. This study contains 3 chapters: the first deals with a descriptive review of the literature on ecotoxicology, pesticides and biomarkers and a scientometric analysis of the use of Colossoma macropomum in toxicological studies. The second article evaluates the acute toxicity of the association of the 2,4-D and Picloram herbicides in Colossoma macropomum. And the third evaluates the behavioral and histological changes in fish of the species Colossoma macropomum exposed by association of the herbicides 2,4-D and Picloram. The experiments performed in this study were approved by CEUA/UFOPA, under protocol No. 0120190053, and followed international guidelines for the assessment of acute sensitivity and toxicity of USEPA No. 850.1075/2006 and OECD No. 203/1992. The fish of the species Colossoma macropomum have been shown to be emerging test organisms in toxicological studies mainly in Brazil, as observed through the scientometric analysis. Through sensitivity tests, the species confirmed their usability for toxicity testing and environmental biomonitoring. Thus, Colossoma macropomum was evaluated at five different concentrations (3.5, 5, 6, 7, 8 mg / L) of the commercial formulation of 2,4-D and Picloram in a static system, estimating the LC50- 96h at 5.54 mg/L by Trimmed Spearman-Karber method. The behavioral parameters were evaluated by video recording at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after exposure. Histological analysis was performed on the gills and liver of fish stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The behavioral changes evaluated were excitatory swimming, stay in the upper zone, surface breathing, loss of balance, erratic swimming, spasm and paralysis. The histological changes in the gills were hyperplasia and lamella degeneration, and in the liver, intercellular vacuolization. Therefore, the results demonstrated that Colossoma macropomum is a potential organism for biomonitoring toxicological studies. Its exposure to the herbicides Picloram and 2,4-D showed several behavioral and histological changes, proving their risks to the environment, including humans who live near the plantations that use this pesticide.
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29
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MAIARA SILVANA SALGADO BATISTA
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Exposure to mercury in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder at the city of Santarém, Pará.
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Advisor : BRUNO APOLO MIRANDA FIGUEIRA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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BRUNO APOLO MIRANDA FIGUEIRA
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MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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SILVÂNIA YUKIKO LINS TAKANASHI
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Data: Dec 14, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurological disorder present since early childhood, leading to deficits in the areas of social interaction, communication and language. Its etiology is still unknown, but several research lines already indicate that genetic, environmental and immunological factors may play an important role in the ASD pathogenesis, suggesting a strong correlation between mercury exposure (Hg) and autism. Hg is a highly neurotoxic heavy metal and Methylmercury (MeHg) is its organic form, the most toxic and most common found in the environment and in the aquatic food chain, being incorporated into the human body through the consumption of contaminated fish. The sequelae caused by exposure to Hg resemble the neurological dysfunctions found in ASD. It is known that in the Amazon, due to its history of informal mining and deforestation, an exposure to Hg is considered chronic, becoming relevant researches that investigate relationship between exposure to Hg and Autism Spectrum Disorder in this region. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between exposure to Hg and Autism Spectrum Disorder in the city of Santarém, Pará. 23 mothers and 25 children diagnosed with ASD assisted by Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptionals (APAE) and ‘Casa azul’ participated in the study. The analysis of total Hg was performed through the blood of these children as well as their mothers to investigate possible sources of exposure and accumulation of Hg, besides other topics related to the pre, peri and postnatal period capable to interfere with the diagnosis of ASD. It was also applied a semi-structured interview to the mothers. The Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was applied to assess the profile and levels of autism (mild or moderate and severe). The variables of this study were assessed using descriptive and inferential statistics. In the descriptive analysis, it was observed that 95% of the children were male, 56% of them were in the non-autistic range according to the CARS classification, 68% had low fish consumption and 52% were classified as exposed, it means with levels of Hg above 10 µg / L. In the inferential analysis, normality was first verified through the Shapiro-Wilk test. Frequency distribution and association analysis were performed using the Chi-square test of adherence and contingency (rows x columns), which showed a statistically significant difference between the classification of exposed and unexposed mothers (p = 0.0371), gender of the children (p <0.0001) and the classification regarding the level of ASD (p = 0.0424). The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the medians. To evaluate the relationship between age and frequency of fish consumption with levels of Hg, the Spearman correlation test was applied. In both tests, a significance level of 5% was used. The tests were performed in the BioEstat program. It was observed that there was no association or positive correlation between the variables: age, gender, frequency of fish consumption with medication use of children with level of Hg in the blood, showing that even with the low frequency of fish consumption, children presented high levels of Hg and these high levels do not have a linear and positive correlation with the degree of ASD. Thus, it is concluded that there is a need for further studies involving this theme in order to better clarify the relationship between Hg and ASD, especially regarding the action on the child's nervous and immune systems and its relationship to genetic mechanisms. It should also be taken into account the difficulties encountered during data collection and adherence of mothers to the study, which did not allow a larger sample size for research.
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30
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LARISSA DA SILVA SOARES
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Epidemiological Profile of Serious Work Accidents in the Municipality of Santarém, Pará
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Advisor : MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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ALANNA DO SOCORRO LIMA DA SILVA
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MAXWELL BARBOSA DE SANTANA
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VALNEY MARA GOMES CONDE
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Data: Dec 16, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Accidents at work represent one of the main challenges for public health in Brazil. These can cause injuries and sequelae that restrict the worker's ability to work, as well as affect the company's production and economy due to high social security spending. Despite having a robust accident legislation, Brazil is one of the world record for occupational accidents. The notification of accidents allows us to estimate the relationship of this injury to the health of the population in a given territory and, thus, to plan actions and strategies aimed at promoting and protecting workers' health. Thus, the objective of the research was to characterize the epidemiological profile of serious work accidents reported in the city of Santarém (PA). This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study of quantitative approach conducted with secondary data from the records of serious occupational accidents notified in the National System of Notification of Diseases (SINAN NET) from 2011 to 2018. The results were systematized in spreadsheets, They were analyzed using descriptive statistics using absolute and relative frequency measurements and presented in tables. The research showed that in the period studied were reported 670 serious work accidents in the municipality of Santarém (PA), and the highest number in 2015 (21%) with an incidence of 11.3 accidents per 10,000 people. Regarding the profile of injured workers, it was found that 29.7% were between 20 and 29 years old, 89.7% were male and 30% had incomplete elementary school. About 38.3% were self-employed and the main occupations affected were masons (11.2%) and motorcyclists (7.6%). Regarding serious work accidents, 40.1% occurred on public roads, and 67% were classified as typical. The accidents were mainly caused by impact due to thrown object, projected or falling (10.9%). The most affected body parts were lower limbs with 31.8% and the most frequent injury was finger fracture (6.6%). The evolution of the most recurrent case was the temporarily disabled (54%). Occupational accident reporting (CAT) was performed only in 17.2% of cases and fatal accidents accounted for 5.2%. According to the findings, it is concluded that the identification of the accident profile of the municipality may subsidize and guide public policies aimed at promoting workers' health, accident prevention and, consequently, improvements in working conditions and control of occupational hazards.
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31
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ARLEM DALVANY MAIA DE SOUSA
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Certification of Organic Production in the Metropolitan Region of Santarém, Pará
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Advisor : HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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COMMITTEE MEMBERS :
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CLODOALDO ALCINO ANDRADE DOS SANTOS
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DANIELLE WAGNER SILVA
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HELIONORA DA SILVA ALVES
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JORGIENE DOS SANTOS OLIVEIRA
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THIAGO ALMEIDA VIEIRA
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Data: Dec 20, 2019
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Show Abstract
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Organic food production is becoming increasingly important for the world economy.
In Brazil the organic products certification process covers various modalities and guarantee
the sale of these products both in the domestic market as in the international one.
In this sense, the objective of this paper is to analyze the process of organic certification in family
production units in the metropolitan region of Santarém, Pará. The research will be carried out in the
Metropolitan Region of Santarém. the target audience of this research, the organic farmers of the organic
tapajós association, technicians of supervision and technical guidance and the Low Organic Commission Amazons.
For data collection will be open interviews covering issues relevant to the theme studied. The collected data will be
systematized and submitted to qualitative analysis through the content analysis technique. Expected that with the
results obtained in this study there is a better understanding about the organic production, as well as the certification
process, and its main impacts on the productive process. Being able to help in the construction of measures that will
strengthen organic production in the Santarém Metropolitan Region, as well as contributing to the scientific environment
through articles covering the theme of organic production and the process Certification.
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